Website details N loss risks in Midwest

The risks of nitrogen loss are mapped out for Midwest growers in a special website compiled by a University of Missouri Plant Scientist and Extension specialist. Professor Peter Scharf’s Nitrogen Watch 2013 identifies “danger areas that are on track to have widespread problems with nitrogen loss.”

Scharf says the areas on the map haven’t lost enough nitrogen, necessarily, to cause serious N deficiency in corn – but he says they could, depending on the amount of additional rain that comes. This year, Scharf recommends planting first in appropriate conditions and applying nitrogen later.

“Really, nitrogen application timing is timing-neutral from planting until the corn is 4-foot tall. I think there really are some yield gains by waiting and some yield losses by waiting and they about balance each other out.”

Scharf says you’re playing an odds game when you farm.  He tells Brownfield Ag News, “I see, looking at all the available research that the odds are equal any time during that time frame and you’re really not giving yourself any big problems by delaying unless there are equipment problems. And, if you can figure out how to solve that you don’t need to worry about not having it done before you plant.”

Last year’s droughted corn left a lot of nitrogen in fields, most of which is likely gone by now. Scharf says “nitrogen is safe in the bin or in the tank” but there is going to be a lot to get done in a short time.

Nitrogen Watch 2013

Chemical use on ’12 soybean crops outlined

The top monitoring practice for managing pests in U.S. soybean crops last year was scouting for weeds, according to the USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service, NASS.  The agency’s Chemical Use Survey Data for soybeans and wheat was released Wednesday.

For soybeans, it found that 94 percent of planted acres were scouted in the 19 states surveyed for the 2012 crop year. 96% of the soybean acreage used chemicals. Phosphate and potash were the most widely used fertilizers, applied to 37 percent of planted acres. Nitrogen was applied to 27 percent of planted acres. The survey found that farmers applied herbicides to 98 percent of planted soybean acres…followed by 18 percent insecticides and 11 percent fungicides.

Eighty-percent of planted winter wheat acres had chemicals applied – in the 13 states surveyed for chemical use.

Chemical use report on wheat crops in ’12

Thirteen states were surveyed by the USDA for chemical use on 2012 wheat crops and 80-percent had chemicals applied on winter wheat acres (including Nebraska, South Dakota, Missouri, Illinois and Ohio).

The National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) says 91 percent of spring wheat, excluding durum, had chemicals applied on four states surveyed.

Chemicals were applied on 88 percent of the durum wheat acres in two surveyed states.

Nitrogen was applied to nearly all durum and spring wheat excluding spring durum. Eight-five percent of winter wheat acres had nitrogen applied.

The report says herbicides were the most extensively used pesticide.

 

Agronomist: Plant now, add nitrogen later

When the rain shuts off – an agronomy specialist advises growers to PLANT – then, add nitrogen later.  Peter Scharf, with the University of Missouri, says delaying planting is more likely to hurt yields than delaying nitrogen application. In fact, he says, during wet years delayed nitrogen application “will actually help yields.”

There are several ways to apply nitrogen after planting but he’s especially excited about the use of a spinner spreader.

“A spinner spreader with dry product because you can cover so many acres that way and I really like doing it that way,” Scharf tells Brownfield Ag News, “There’s a lot of new machines being purchased around the Midwest, in Missouri. I’ve heard that there are some being leased in Missouri, too, in response to this weather that we’ve had.”

Scharf says to be watchful for the quality of the dry material. He says, “Nearly all the spinner spreaders are really good machines but if you put material in it that’s 30% dust, that’s 30% that you can’t spread evenly. You can’t throw dust with a spinner spreader.”

After checking deep soil samples from several states this spring — Missouri, Nebraska, Iowa, Oklahoma and Minnesota – Scharf says they have found less nitrogen than expected. Because of last year’s drought, much of the nitrogen fertilizer applied to corn was not used.

AUDIO: Peter Scharf (6:00 mp3)

Fertilizer industry watching Texas case closely

Investigators of the deadly fertilizer plant explosion in Texas last month have determined that ammonium nitrate was the source of the explosion. Steve Taylor, President of the Missouri Agribusiness Association (MO-AG), points out that the cause is not yet known. As in Texas, Taylor tells Brownfield, Missouri’s main fertilizer is ammonium nitrate because of its use on pastures for the beef cattle industry.

Taylor says the explosion in Texas is a very rare occurrence but the fertilizer industry should expect more scrutiny even though ammonium nitrate is a stable product.

“Ammonium nitrate is a very stable product. It’s very safe when handled appropriately and safely. In our membership there is a high level of concern about making sure our products are handled safely.”

A number of agencies oversee the industry but Taylor says much of the oversight is handled at the state and local level and he believes that’s the way it should be.

“It’s an important product. I think it’s a product – we know it’s a product that can be used very, very safe. We don’t know what happened in Texas. We know we’ll find out more and we’ll take what we learn and we’ll make the product even safer.”

Each state has its own oversight agencies for fertilizer production because it’s different in each state. Some states use primarily anhydrous ammonia, for example. Taylor says Missouri leads the nation in ammonium nitrate usage.  Taylor will be heading to Washington, DC in a few weeks for meetings on the issue and says they are determined to work toward prevention of a similar tragedy.

AUDIO: Interview with MO-AG President SteveTaylor (15:00 mp3)

Two compost measures advance in Illinois

Two bills to make it easier for growers to make compost have advanced in the Illinois House.

One measure increases the type of materials farmers can compost and allows farmers in rural areas to compost crop residue and other organic ag materials from other farming operations.

The other allows suburban and urban farmers the ability to more easily use off-site materials for composting to help offset the often compromised soils they have to work with.

Addressing concerns with crop canopy sensors

Even though crop canopy sensors have been around for a few years, they haven’t taken off as quickly as some of the other new technology introductions.  But they seem to hold great potential for in-season nitrogen management and site-specific crop management.

Jeremy Groeteke is an agronomy research manager in Dupont Pioneer’s western business unit, based in Lincoln, Nebraska.  Groeteke says, from a seed company standpoint, they are working to address some of those grower concerns with crop canopy sensors.

AUDIO: Jeremy Groeteke (3:00 MP3)

Education continues for new fertilizer rules

Indiana’s new fertilizer rules went into effect last weekend.  Matt Pearson, administrator for the Office of Indiana State Chemist says the new rules are a lot of best management practices and common sense to help protect water quality.

Pearson tells Brownfield they’ve been held numerous meetings over the last year leading up to the enactment date and educational sessions will continue.  “These do affect almost everyone in ag,” he says.  “We will continue to talk about it and promote this new rule and the fact that it is really best management practices.  We like regulation through communication and cooperation.”

Some frequently asked questions, he says, are:

* Where can I get a template for creating a fertilizer application plan?

* Are there restrictions for applying manure to frozen or snow-covered ground?

* What are record-keeping requirements for Category 14-certified applicators?

Answer to those questions and more information along with a list of meetings can be found HERE.

SFP offers ‘fertilizer efficiency technology’

book-tim-sfp-ag connect 1-13SFP is a leader in fertilizer efficiency technology.  At Ag Connect in Kansas City, we visited with SFP regional account manager Tim Book about their Avail, NutriSphere-N and More Than Manure products.

AUDIO: Tim Book (4:50 MP3)

Cropland leasing in times of uncertainty

Professor Kevin Dhuyvetter

Professor Kevin Dhuyvetter

Cropland leasing arrangements – a Kansas State professor tells farmers at AG CONNECT Expo how to make them work in times of uncertainty. Flexible cash rents are becoming more common but can be complex and are best for longer term agreements, according to Ag Economics Professor Kevin Dhuyvetter. He promotes shorter term leases, such as three-year agreements, “The reason why I would advocate more shorter-term leases is because the world is so volatile today that if we lock in some kind of fixed rates long-term, one of the two parties is going to be unhappy.”

And Dhuyvetter’s take home message to growers is let your landlords know how things are going.  He says, “Be very proactive in sharing information with your landowners. The world is changing, a lot of volatility out there. Make sure your landlords know what’s going on and that means telling them the good news and not just the bad news. Sometimes we highlight that ‘fertilizer prices are high!’ but we forget to tell them about everything else.”

AUDIO: Kevin Dhuyvetter (2:00 mp3)