Challenges with ‘increased veterinary oversight’ of antimicrobials

The FDA is proceeding with plans to place new restrictions on certain antibiotics that are used for growth promotion in livestock. 

The FDA initiative would also require more veterinary oversight of antimicrobial use. However, there some issues associated with that requirement.  One is the shortage of food animal veterinarians in some parts of the country.  The other is the extra workload and paperwork that may come with the increased oversight responsibilities.

FDA has been holding a series of meetings around the U.S. to allow public feedback on the challenges veterinarians and producers will face under the proposed rules.  At a meeting in Fort Collins, Colorado in early May, we visited with some of the meeting participants about the FDA’s strategy.

Christine Hoang is the assistant director of the scientific activities division of the American Veterinary Medical Association.

AUDIO: Christine Hoang (4:14 MP3)

Dr. David Dargatz works in the Fort Collins office of USDA’s Animal  and Plant Health Inspection Service.  He talks about the veterinary shortage that is a problem is some areas of the U.S.

AUDIO: David Dargatz (4:49 MP3)

Meghann Pierdon is swine veterinarian from Lancaster County in central Pennsylvania. 

AUDIO: Meghann Pierdon (1:58 MP3)

Brad Thorton is a pork producer from Kuna, Idaho.

AUDIO: Brad Thornton (1:09 MP3)

Another ‘antibiotics’ bill introduced

Another piece of legislation aimed at curbing the use of antibiotics in livestock has been introduced in Congress. 

The Antimicrobial Data Collection Act in the Senate calls for increased data collection by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and “enhanced transparency and public awareness of antimicrobial use in agriculture.” Similar legislation was introduced earlier in the House.

Meanwhile, the FDA is proceeding with plans to place new restrictions on certain antibiotics that are used for growth promotion in livestock.  The FDA initiative would also require more veterinary oversight of antimicrobial use.  National Pork Producers Association chief veterinarian Dr. Liz Wagstrom says that, once those new rules are in place, it should eliminate the need for Congressional action.

“I believe that the FDA actions that are being taken now are going to accomplish about 90 percent of what they want to do legislatively,” Wagstrom says. “These steps are going to make real changes in our uses of antibiotics and will answer many of the concerns that the people who have been involved in those Congressional actions may have.”

Wagstrom made those comments Wednesday in an interview with Brownfield at an FDA meeting on antimicrobial use that took place in Fort Collins, Colorado.

Link to previous story and interview with Liz Wagstrom

Opinions on antibiotics vary widely

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is moving ahead with new restrictions on the use of antibiotics in animal agriculture.  But there is still a big difference of opinion over whether those new rules are necessary—or whether they go far enough.

Dr. Liz Wagstrom, chief veterinarian for the National Pork Producers Council, says they’re still not convinced that the use of antibiotics in livestock is the big issue.

“On a scientific basis, we’re not sure that growth promotion uses of antibiotics need to end,” Wagstrom says, “because we don’t feel that there is a proven negative public health impact to those uses.”

AUDIO: Liz Wagstrom (5:44 MP3)

But Susan Vaugh Grooters with the Center for Science in the Public Interest argues FDA’s voluntary restrictions on antibiotic use are not enough.

“Addressing a public health crisis like antibiotic resistance, with a voluntary approach, is inherently flawed,” Vaughn Grooters says. “We need the FDA to use their regulatory authority to protect the public health with a more enforcement mindset than they are now.”

AUDIO: Susan Vaughn Grooters (2:52 MP3)

Wagstrom and Vaughn Grooters were participants in a recent FDA-sponsored meeting in Fort Collins, Colorado.  The purpose of the meeting was to gather public input on the FDA’s proposed restrictions on antibiotic use combined with increased veterinary oversight of antimicrobial use.

FDA preparing new restrictions on antimicrobial use in livestock

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is holding a series of five meetings across the U.S. to discuss proposed restrictions on antimicrobial use in food-producing animals.

The purpose of the meetings is to allow public feedback on the challenges veterinarians and producers will face under the proposed rules, which would place new restrictions of the use of antimicrobials for “growth promotion” purposes and require more veterinary oversight of antimicrobial use.

At the FDA public meeting held this week in Fort Collins, Colorado, Brownfield discussed the agency’s strategy with Bill Flynn, deputy director for science policy in the FDA’s Center for Veterinary Medicine.

AUDIO: Bill Flynn (5:25 MP3)

Professor irked by distorted antibiotic data

The debate about antibiotic use in farm animals and a purported link between their use and antibiotic resistance in humans continues to get attention. But, Charles Hofacre a professor of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Georgia, tells Brownfield the link is not there.

“What really bothers me,” Hofacre tells Brownfield Ag news, “What I really disagree with is people that distort the data and make false statements about the link between antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance in animals going directly into antibiotic resistance to people. That’s a big stretch.”

Last month, Hofacre answered a New York Times editorial in March that claimed there’s a public health crisis of antibiotic resistance because of antibiotic use in farm animals. Hofacre wrote his response on behalf of the U.S. Farmers & Ranchers Alliance (USFRA) and the Times published it.

Turkey Federation says CR got it wrong

The National Turkey Federation says a magazine with a national reputation for balanced research got it wrong. Federation president Joel Brandenberger says Consumer Reports missed an opportunity to foster a thoughtful debate on food safety and animal production practices in its recent report on ground turkey.

“And, instead,” he says, “We saw something sensationalized that will certainly sell magazines, certainly get media attention. But, sadly, it’s really misleading to their readers and everybody who’s heard about the report.”

Consumer Reports says it found high levels of generic E. coli and another pathogen not considered a source of foodborne illness that they say are highly antibiotic resistant — on samples of ground turkey. He points out that those bacteria are on everything, even people.

In contrast, Consumer Reports found very few pathogens which cause the highest public health concerns. It found NO Campolybacter and less than five percent of Salmonella bacteria – but did NOT highlight that finding. Brandenberg says the government wisely conducts thousands of tests each month for Salmonella.

“We have gotten to the point where this naturally occurring organism is showing up in only slightly more than 10-percent of ground turkey out there — Consumer Reports’ findings were even lower – and showing up in less than three percent of whole turkeys.”

Brandenberger says consumers have the final control on killing ANY pathogens in ground turkey, or any meat, by handling it properly in the kitchen and cooking it to at least 165 degrees Fahrenheit.

AUDIO: Joel Brandenberg (21:15 MIN)

Antibiotic use in animal agriculture

There is no simple answer when it comes to the issue of antibiotic resistance and the use of antibiotics in animal agriculture. 

It’s suggested that if we simply take animals off of antibiotics it will solve the issue of resistant strains of bacteria in animal agriculture.  During his presentation during the NIAA conference yesterday, Dr. Sid Thakur, assistant professor at the North Carolina State College of Veterinary Medicine says new research suggests otherwise. 

AUDIO: Dr. Sid Thakur, NC State (3:00mp3)

Slaughter adds 8th class of drugs to PAMTA

Congresswoman Louise Slaughter of New York has reintroduced a bill with more measures aimed at stopping what she calls the overuse of antibiotics on farms which she says is increasing the growth of antibiotic-resistant disease. She cites new information from the Centers for Disease Control about antibiotic resistance in humans. Slaughter, a microbiologist, contends that “even common illnesses like strep throat could soon prove fatal.”

Slaughter has been trying for years to get Congress to greatly restrict antibiotic use in farm animals.  This is the fourth time she has introduced her Preservation of Antibiotics for Medical Treatment Act also known as PAMTA. The new version adds cephalosporins as an eighth class of antibiotics that would be banned from non-therapeutic use in animals.  Representative Slaughter says Congress should pass her bill “immediately” to stop the spread of “super bugs.”

 

FDA to hold ‘antimicrobial strategy’ meetings

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) will hold a series of five meetings this spring to discuss its strategy to reduce antimicrobial use in food-producing animals.

According to the FDA, the meetings will provide the public with opportunities to discuss and provide feedback on the challenges faced by livestock producers and veterinarians as FDA phases in veterinary oversight of the therapeutic use of certain medically important antimicrobials.

The first meeting will be on April 9th in Bowling Green, Kentucky.  Subsequent meetings will take place in Olympia, Washington; Ft. Collins, Colorado; Pierre, South Dakota; and, College Station, Texas.

FDA said it is seeking input as it moves forward to further develop and implement its strategy to promote the judicious use in food-producing animals of antibiotics that are important in treating humans.

The agency says the meetings are intended to provide a forum to discuss potential challenges faced by animal producers in areas that may lack access to adequate veterinary services and to explore possible options for minimizing adverse impacts.

The meetings are jointly sponsored by FDA and the USDA’s Animal & Plant Health Inspection Service.

Animal antibiotic bill introduced

Legislation that would, according to its sponsors, better monitor antibiotic use in food animals has been introduced in the U.S. House.

Representatives Louise Slaughter of New York and Henry Waxman of California introduced the bill. They say it would require drug manufacturers to provide better information to the FDA on how their drugs are used in food animals and improve the timing and quality of data the FDA releases. It will also require large-scale producers of poultry, swine and livestock to submit data to FDA detailing the type and amount of antibiotics contained in animal feed.

Slaughter, a frequent critic of antibiotic use in food animals, warns that America is “on the cusp of a monumental public health crisis…the end of antibiotics as a tool for fighting disease”.  Slaughter believes that antibiotic residue in meat is causing antibiotic resistance in humans.